Comprehensive review of rock climbing injuries. Methods: Design: retrospective cross-sectional study.

Comprehensive review of rock climbing injuries. During the last few decades, scientific interest on this topic has increased. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth "Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries" Cole, Keegan P. Climbing can be traumatic or stressful and can lead to injuries. The aim of this article is to critically review research on the May 10, 2024 · This analysis focused on 75 patients who presented following falls from height while rock climbing. An extensive literature search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Web of Sciences Oct 19, 2020 · To elucidate patterns of and risk factors for acute traumatic injuries in climbers in need of professional rescue, a retrospective evaluation was performed of the Austrian National Registry of Mountain Accidents regarding rock climbing incidents over Abstract Purpose of Review This article aims to review the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in climbers, risk factors leading to those injuries, and treatment and prevention strategies specific to climbers. Feb 3, 2020 · Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. We review both acute and chronic upper and lower extremity injuries. From 2992 recorded incidents, 1469 were uninjured but in need of recovery, mainly when alpine climbing Nov 29, 2023 · Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. pdf Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries Aug 1, 2021 · Rock climbing is a popular sporting activity and indoor sport climbing has been shortlisted for inclusion in the 2020 Olympic Games. We conducted a systematic review of Feb 5, 2021 · Rock climbing places substantial stress on the upper extremities and can lead to unique injuries not common to other sports. Climbing injuries can be classified as acute traumatic injuries, atraumatic and chronic overuse injuries. al, 2020; figure 1). (2020). Despite comprehensive reviews on adult climbing-related injuries, few pediatric-specific reviews exist, and studies exclusively on compet-itive youth climbers are needed. May 1, 2016 · Chronic repetitive injuries are more common than acute injuries, although acute injuries tend to be more severe. Nov 29, 2023 · Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. 2020;28 (12):e501–e509. Exclusion criteria were review articles, studies on specific injuries of a single body region, chronic pathologies resulting from rock climbing, accidents resulting from indoor climbing and case reports. P. Dec 1, 2022 · Rock climbing has been steadily growing as a sport and debuted at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. The rock-climbers were compared to a group of non-climbing controls. 9% foot/ankle, 17. This thesis investigates various methods for diagnosing finger pulley injuries, focusing on the complex pulley system that enables efficient finger movement [5, 6, 7]. Participants: rock climbers who sustained a climbing-related injury during the prior 24 months. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: June 15, 2020 - Volume 28 - Issue 12 - p e501-e509 doi: 10. Oct 9, 2021 · Purpose Injury prevalence patterns for climbers have been presented in several papers but results are heterogenous largely due to a mix of included climbing disciplines and injury mechanisms. Traumatic injuries, including those sustained in mountaineering, and injuries commonly encountered outside of thi sport are out of the scope of this guide. This study aimed to quantify and compare upper limb joint loads and muscle activations during isometric finger hanging exercises with different arm lock-off positions. In the United States, climbing injuries grew approximately 10% per year between 2008 and 2016. With the growing popularity of the sport, which is an Olympic sport since the 2020 summer games in Tokyo (held in 2021), and the ever-increasing difficulty of the sport, we can expect to see an increase in training intensity and chronic overuse injuries (1, 2, 4 – 7). We reviewed several parameters, including patient demographics, Injury Severity Score (ISS), hospital length of stay (LOS), injury type, and patient outcomes. JAAOS - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons [June 15, 2020, volume 28, issue 12] Featuring: • Host Cory Smith, MD, summarizing articles from June 15, 2020 issue o Research article “Mid-term Patient-reported Outcomes of Hip Arthroplasty After Previous Hip Arthroscopy: A Matched Case-control Study With a Minimum 5-year Follow-up” o Review article “The Medial A previous systematic review by Woollings et al. May 31, 2019 · Purpose of Review This article aims to review the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in climbers, risk factors leading to those injuries, and treatment and prevention strategies specific to climbers. Due to the sport's unique biomechanical demands, it often presents injuries not commonly seen … Jun 15, 2020 · JAAOS - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons [June 15, 2020, volume 28, issue 12] Featuring: • Host Cory Smith, MD, summarizing articles from June 15, 2020 issue o Research article “Mid-term Patient-reported Outcomes of Hip Arthroplasty After Previous Hip Arthroscopy: A Matched Case-control Study With a Minimum 5-year Follow-up” o Review article “The Medial l be on common climbing specific injuries. It emphasizes on physical and mental challenges, one that often tests climber's upper and lower body flexibility, strength, endurance, agility, and balance along with mental Jul 1, 2022 · Rock climbing places substantial stress on the upper extremities and can lead to unique injuries not common to other sports. The finger flexor tendons slide through a complex system of eight pulleys per finger, crucial for maintaining tendon alignment in the midline axis, and preventing lateral and anteroposterior Jun 1, 2021 · Finger flexor pulley system injuries are the most common overuse injury in rock climbers. Despite being a very physically and mentally demanding sport, it is considered a moderate-risk discipline. This study describes the distribution and pattern of acute traumatic climbing injuries sustained during outdoor climbing in Sweden. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in Competition climbing will debut as an Olympic sport at the 2020 summer games in Tokyo. Aug 1, 2022 · Background Popularity of rock climbing is steadily increasing. Dec 27, 2019 · We aim at describing the characteristics of climbing accidents leading to severe (multisystem) trauma using data from the International Alpine Trauma Registry (IATR) and at reporting the results of a systematic review of the literature on the epidemiology, injury pattern, severity and prevention of climbing accidents. 432 injuries in 237 climbers recorded: 41. Comprehensive review of rock climbing injuries. 2,3 These injuries occurred in all climbing disciplines, posing unique management challenges. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 28 (12 Oct 19, 2020 · To elucidate patterns of and risk factors for acute traumatic injuries in climbers in need of professional rescue, a retrospective evaluation was performed of the Austrian National Registry of Mountain Accidents regarding rock climbing incidents over a 13-year timeframe from 2005 to 2018. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth Jun 15, 2020 · 00:36:09 - JAAOS - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons [June 15, 2020, volume 28, issue 12] Featuring: • Host Cory Smith, MD, summarizing a… Cole, K. This, so that you can enjoy this discipline with the least risk. Increasing numbers of people are participating in the sport of rock climbing, and its growth is expected to continue with the sport's Olympic debut in 2020. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 28 (12 Jul 1, 2022 · Rock climbing places substantial stress on the upper extremities and can lead to unique injuries not common to other sports. Six Competitive sport climbing has made its way to the Olympic stage. We review and discuss the anatomy of the LCLC, the unique mechanism of isolated injury, as well as physical and imaging examination findings. , (2015) found that age, increasing years of climbing experience, higher climbing grade, high chronic training loads, and participating in lead climbing are potential risk factors for injury in sport climbing and bouldering (5). The aim of this article is to critically review research on the incidence and risk factors associated with injuries during rock climbing. With increasing popularity of the sport, hand surgeons are expected to see more patients with these pathologies. , with fast growth among youth and women. However, this analysis included both traumatic and overuse injuries. 66% patients required no treatment, Introduction Climbing imposes substantial demands on the upper limbs and understanding the mechanical loads experienced by the joints during climbing movements is crucial for injury prevention and optimizing training protocols. To analyse data on accidents related to outdoor climbing Aug 22, 2022 · Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the injury risk profile of the two different styles of rock climbing, alpine climbing with minor route protection (AC) and alpine sport climbing on well-protected routes (SC), in order to develop preventive strategies for risk management. Despite its increasing participa-tion, there is no knowledge synthesis of head injuries (HIs), defined as any injury to the head, associated with climbing, making it challenging for clinicians to provide evidence-based care. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 28 (12 ‪Hospital for Special Surgery‬ - ‪‪Cited by 3,510‬‬ - ‪Orthopaedic Surgery‬ Introduction—Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. Despite comprehensive reviews on adult climbing-related injuries, few pediatric-specific reviews exist, and studies exclusively on Free Abstract Rock climbing is a popular sporting activity and indoor sport climbing has been accepted for inclusion in the 2020 Olympic Games. Feb 1, 2023 · Yet, many medical practitioners have little familiarity with evaluating and treating climbing injuries because of the terminology, biomechanical demands, mechanisms of injury, and return to sport counseling needed, unique to the sport. Bei dieser Sportart konzentriert sich die gesamte Anstrengung auf die oberen Gliedmaßen, da diese am häufigsten verletzt werden. Mar 1, 2022 · Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. Setting: web-based survey. Introduction: Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. fi As rock climbing continues to grow and earn recognition as a mainstream sport, an understanding of how to diagnose and treat these injuries also has become important. Injuries from rock climbing are also increasing. Obwohl es sich um einen körperlich und geistig sehr anspruchsvollen Sport handelt, gilt er als eine Disziplin mit mäßigem Risiko. Jan 20, 2025 · Introduction Finger injuries are the most common sport-specific injuries in rock climbing (1 – 3). Chronic repetitive injuries are more common than acute injuries, although acute injuries tend to be more severe. The research involves distributing comprehensive questionnaires to climbers, focusing on the types of injuries sustained, the level of climbing difficulty at the time of injury, and the specific types of climbing holds involved. After finger flexor Feb 19, 2024 · Abstract and Figures Climbing, a sport with increasing popularity, poses diverse risks and injury patterns across its various disciplines. Yet, many medical practitioners have little familiarity with evaluating and treating climbing injuries because of the terminology, biomechanical demands, mechanisms of injury, and return to sport counseling needed, unique to the sport. Outdoor rock climbing has become popular in recent years. Design: retrospective cross-sectional study. Background Rock climbing is becoming increasingly popular in Singapore resulting in an increasing number of rock-climbing-associated injuries Scopus WoS Crossref citations: 0 Risk factors and injury prevention strategies for overuse injuries in adult climbers: a systematic review Oct 17, 2024 · Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. Jul 3, 2025 · Rock climbing is an increasingly popular sport with >7 million participants in the U. The aim of this article is to critically review research on the incidence of injury in sport climbing and bouldering. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. Rock climbing is an increasingly popular indoor sport with a sizable risk of overuse injuries. The most common injury is to the flexor pulley system, consisting of the finger flexors and five annular ligaments (pulleys). MD et al. This prestige has brought about route setting and training alterations which presumably affect injury epidemiology. , Uhl, R. Criteria for inclusion: aged ≥18 years; participation in rock climbing at least 4 times per year in the Closed injuries of the finger flexor pulley system are rare among the general population, and most of them occur during rock climbing. Methods A self-selected sample of advanced and elite Swedish rock-climbing athletes was recruited through the Swedish Rock-climbing A better understanding of the underlying pathogenesis is essential in order to better assess long-term progress. This prospective single-institution study evaluated the demographics of climbing-related injuries to improve our comprehension of current injury characteristics. Understanding the injury pattern in rock climbers is important for accurate To examine the prevalence of mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress), sleep quality, and disability due to overuse injuries in advanced and elite rock-climbers. Nov 1, 2024 · The rise in popularity of competitive and recreational rock climbing, particularly following its inclusion in the 2021 Summer Olympics, has led to a corresponding increase in rock climbing-related injuries. One aspect associated with climbing performance is the lock-off ability (15). Cole, K. Jul 13, 2015 · Rock climbing has increased in popularity as a sport, and specific injuries related to its practice are becoming more common. However, few data have been published on climbing accidents in Switzerland, even though the Swiss Alps are a major climbing resort. Finger flexor pulley injuries are climbing sport-specific injuries and are the most common overuse injury of the fingers in adult rock-climbers (2,3). The purpose of this study was to compare sex- and age-related emergent injury patterns due to participation in rock climbing activity. L. 1,2 With the increasing participation, climbing injuries are on the rise. Jun 15, 2020 · Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. 5% del patrimonio escrito de la humanidad preservado para siempre ⓘ InicioInicioAcerca deAcerca deDonarDonarBúsquedaBúsqueda Datasets Files MD5 57924de1fe2192d0da20fc4441b0b88b pdf, <1MB, JAAOS-D-19-00575. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth Abstract Objective: Rock climbing is a widely performed sport. Understanding the injury pattern in rock climbers is important for accurate diagnosis. Closed flexor pulley injuries are a clinical entity of great interest in hand surgery, and these lesions could be observed mainly in rock-climbing athletes. Nowadays, rock climbing has gained new followers because it is a sport that is very much connected to nature. These injuries occur rarely outside of rock climbing, owing to the sport’s unique biomechanical demands on Rock-climbing-associated injuries are predominantly caused by falls, commonly resulting in fractures requiring admission and surgical intervention, especially in the lower extremities, with an expected increase in the number of orthopedic injuries. S. Our aim was to syn-thesize HI literature within rock climbing and identify knowledge gaps. Keywords: capsulitis, finger joint synovitis, rock climbing, finger injuries, sport climbing Introduction Finger injuries are the most common sport-specific injuries in rock climbing (1 – 3). Heutzutage hat das Klettern neue Anhänger gewonnen, weil es ein Sport ist, der sehr stark mit der Natur verbunden ist. 4,5 Introduction—Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. Im Object movedObject moved to here. This chapter introduces the common terminology, relevant information, and current research on rock climbing in youth climbers. This study evaluates the incidence and nature of climbing-related injuries, focusing on how different disciplines and climbers’ personal characteristics affect these injuries. We review both acute and chronic upper and lower extremity Cole, K. Setting:… Rock climbing was recognized as a sport at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Increasing awareness of isolated injuries of the LCLC will allow for appropriate diagnosis and management. Included were original articles on rock climbing accidents and associated injuries, analyzing acute injuries involving the entire body. Sep 1, 2017 · To gather epidemiologic data on injury type, treatment, and recovery from rock climbing injuries. This study aims to address these gaps by conducting a detailed investigation into the epidemiology of climbing injuries. These injuries occur rarely outside of rock climbing, owing to the sport’s unique biomechanical demands on the finger. Despite comprehensive reviews on adult climbing-related injuries, few pediatric-specific reviews exist, and studies exclusively on competitive youth climbers are needed. 9%–7. Fortunately, there are strategies and safety measures that can help keep you safe. Methods Patients that experienced a climbing related traumatic injury Oct 9, 2024 · Climbing poses significant demands on the body, particularly the hands and fingers. 1% of all climbing injuries (2). A semisystematic approach in reviewing literature on incidence was applied. Rosenbaum, MD, discussing their June 15 review article, “Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries” Follow this link to download these and other articles from the [June 15, 2020 issue of JAAOS] The JAAOS Unplugged podcast series is Mar 1, 2022 · Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. Methods: Design: retrospective cross-sectional study. Despite its increasing participation, there is no knowledge synthesis of head injuries (HIs), defined as any injury to the head, associated with climbing, making it challenging for clinicians to provide evidence-based care. Recent Findings Most chronic climbing injuries occur in the upper extremities, especially the hands, and are due to overuse. With its inclusion in the Olympic Games this will likely continue. Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries(English) 1 reference reference URL 6 April 2020 author name string Keegan P Cole series ordinal 1 1 reference 6 April 2020 Richard L Uhl series ordinal 2 1 reference 6 April 2020 Andrew J Rosenbaum series ordinal 3 1 reference 6 April 2020 publication date 3 February 2020 1 reference reference URL Jan 1, 2023 · Abstract Rock climbing is a popular and upcoming sport. The annular pulleys in the fingers are especially prone to injury due to the intense loads during climbing [4]. 中文翻译：攀岩伤害的综合综述。越来越多的人参加攀岩运动，并且随着2020年奥林匹克运动会的首次亮相，攀岩运动将继续增长。 Mar 1, 2022 · Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. Understanding the most common rock-climbing injuries requires a general understanding of the sport. Articles were This is true for many forms of injury, and all the more so for injuries that affect arguably the most important organ of the human body. We provide a comprehensive overview of the most prevalent rock climbing-related injuries, offering insights into their clinical presentation, evaluation, imaging, and treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Switzerland to specifically examine outdoor climbing accidents in an emergency department. Mar 21, 2025 · 2. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Researchers investigated various sub-disciplines, such as risk perception, motivation, personality, and mental states like flow. This is not meant to be a comprehensive review of all material but rather a practical resource linking to studies, articles, images and videos that Mar 29, 2022 · Rock climbing has become increasingly popular worldwide. , & Rosenbaum, A. A Rock climbing has become a professional competitive sport, many folks are being drawn to this sport with a parallel increase in the occurrence of sport-related injuries on both the natural rock and artificial walls. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth One injury occurred in a rock climber and the other in a martial artist. Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries. Cole, MD and Andrew J. These injuries fl occur rarely outside of rock climbing, owing to the sport’s unique biomechanical demands on the nger. Follow along with This work reviews both acute and chronic upper and lower extremity injuries in rock climbers and explains why chronic repetitive injuries are more common than acute injuries. Feb 1, 2022 · Despite comprehensive reviews on adult climbing-related injuries, few pediatric-specific reviews exist, and studies exclusively on competitive youth climbers are needed. Jun 15, 2020 · Review article “A Primer on Running for the Orthopaedic Surgeon” • Keegan P. Most of the climbing injury literature contains male climbers and Finger exor pulley system injuries are the most common overuse injury in rock climbers. Jun 15, 2020 · Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. This review seeks to educate practitioners on these aspects. Oct 20, 2023 · Considering that these joints are prone to injuries (2), quantifying elbow and shoulder loads might help to enhance our understanding of certain injury mechanisms and prevent overuse injuries in the future. On this basis, the most climbing injuries. This sport concentrates all its effort on the upper limbs, this being the most injured area. J. Cole KP, Uhl RL, Rosenbaum AJ. Data on injury incidence, severity, and consequences, as well as climbers’ personal attributes Objective: To gather epidemiologic data on injury type, treatment, and recovery from rock climbing injuries. Jun 1, 2020 · Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries. 5435/JAAOS-D-19-00575. Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. Outdoor climbing is associated with a higher rate of injury than Rock climbing was recognized as a sport at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Extreme loading of the upper extremities, contorted positioning of the lower extremities, rockfall, and falling from height create an elevated and diverse injury potential that is affected by Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. This review seeks to educate practitioners on these aspects We investigated the injury pattern in rock climbers and their return to sport for operative and nonoperative management. 3% shoulder. Feb 12, 2024 · Objectives To examine the prevalence of mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress), sleep quality, and disability due to overuse injuries in advanced and elite rock-climbers. Injuries in rock climbing athletes are common. Feb 4, 2020 · His research “ Comprehensive Review of Rock-Climbing Injuries ” is poised for publication in the Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (JAAOS) and reveals the following: Author: Doctor Paolo Pirozzi Clinical Model Shoulder Tendon Traumatic Injury: rock climbing has become a professional competitive sport in recent years and recent months also an Olympic discipline. This study evaluates the incidence and nature of climbing To elucidate patterns of and risk factors for acute traumatic injuries in climbers in need of professional rescue, a retrospective evaluation was performed of the Austrian National Registry of Mountain Accidents regarding rock climbing incidents Introduction—Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. The system includes fibro Jan 1, 2023 · Comprehensive review of rock detect the grade of soft tissue injury. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in Understanding the sport of rock climbing and its injury patterns, treatments, and prevention is necessary to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete. Generally, climbing injuries are caused by overuse, and to a lesser extent by trauma Do you like climbing but don't want to get injured in the attempt? In this opportunity we bring you some methods of prevention of sports injuries in rock climbing. Treatment of this injury includes taping of affected fingers, but evaluation of this Mar 1, 2002 · MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four extreme rock climbers (climbing levels 8–11 on a scale ranging from 1 to 11; Union Internationale des Associations d’Alpinisme) with finger injuries (75 symptomatic and 181 asymptomatic fingers) were examined by using US, with the transducer operating at 12 MHz. An understanding of the sport, accurate diagnoses, and appropriate treatment protocols are critical to maintain climbers’ competitive abilities. 9% hand/elbow, 19. First, we will go over common terminology and rock-climbing basics Abstract Rock climbing has increased in popularity as a sport, and specific injuries related to its practice are becoming more common. Our aim … Dec 22, 2023 · In a relatively recent comprehensive review of climbing injuries, it was reported that injuries of the spine account for 1. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in Mar 1, 2022 · Competitive rock climbing is a fast-growing sport. This work aims to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the incidence and severity of injuries in climbing, considering a broad spectrum of factors simultaneously, unlike many previous studies that have focused on narrower aspects. Objectives of this study include 1) estimating the injury rate (IR); 2) describing injury patterns and mechanisms; and 3) identifying injury risk factors in competitive youth Feb 19, 2024 · Climbing, a sport with increasing popularity, poses diverse risks and injury patterns across its various disciplines. J AmAcadOrthop Surg 2020;28 (12):e501a€“e509 appropriate treatment can be selected, and in most cases, 13 Jones G, Johnson MI. This has generated attention around the discipline that has also involved many non-professional people, leading them to practice climbing at an amateur level both on natural and artificial walls . Concussions, which are considered to be a mild form of traumatic brain injuries, are the number one head-related injury within Rock-Climbing, accounting for up to 70% (Cole et. The pathophysiology and clinical presentation of finger and shoulder injuries is discussed. These injuries occur rarely outside of rock climbing, owing to the sport's unique biomechanical demands on the finger. Jun 1, 2021 · Finger flexor pulley system injuries are the most common overuse injury in rock climbers. Our purpose is Finger flexor pulley system injuries are the most common overuse injury in rock climbers. As rock climbing continues to grow and earn recognition as a mainstream sport, an understan … The systematic review on the psychology of rock climbing provides a comprehensive analysis of psychological aspects in climbing, focusing on the unique demands of this high-risk sport. hvanv pumvrn oodvdt gnqy bjwusx rdhk qcbqfuwu anktnvn dfagitd wlsop